Longbow Maintenance: Essential Or Not?

Longbows require regular maintenance to ensure they remain in good condition and safe to use. While longbows can last decades with proper care, several factors can contribute to their deterioration over time. These include inadequate storage conditions, such as extreme temperatures, dampness, and leaving the bow under tension, as well as poor maintenance practices like neglecting to check on the bow during long-term storage, which can lead to wood drying out and cracking. Mechanical damage, such as cracks and broken tips, can also occur due to improper maintenance or accidental damage during use. Additionally, poor shooting form can put torque on the bow's body, affecting its performance. Regular maintenance tasks for longbows include lubricating and waxing the bowstring, keeping the bow clean and dry, and conditioning and polishing the body.

How to care for a wooden longbow

A longbow is a significant investment and requires proper care and maintenance to ensure it lasts for years. Here are some detailed instructions on how to care for your wooden longbow:

Storage

It is crucial to store your longbow properly when it is not in use. Always keep your bow unstrung and stored in a cool, dry place. Avoid extreme temperatures, dampness, and humidity as these can damage the wood. Do not store your bow near any heat sources, and never leave it in a car or in direct sunlight. The best way to store your bow is to hang it up, either vertically or horizontally, ensuring that the fitting can take the full weight of the bow.

String Maintenance

The string of your longbow requires regular maintenance and replacement. Before and after each shooting session, inspect the string for any signs of fraying or breakage. Use beeswax to wax the string, and then rub it vigorously until the friction generates heat and works the wax into the string. This will help keep the string waterproof and smooth. Additionally, ensure that you have a spare string, as a broken string can lead to a broken bow.

Bow Maintenance

Your wooden longbow requires regular cleaning and polishing. After shooting, wipe down your bow with a dry cloth to remove any dirt or moisture. You can use a natural bristle brush to apply a protective oil, such as linseed oil or tung oil, to the bow. Allow the oil to dry completely, and then rub the finish with fine sandpaper. Reapply oil as needed to protect the wood from drying out.

Shooting Form

When shooting your longbow, always warm up the bow before use. Draw the bow back slowly and avoid drawing it too quickly. Never shoot in freezing weather, as this can damage the bow. Additionally, be mindful of your shooting form to avoid putting torque on the bow, which can lead to mechanical damage.

Arrow Selection

Always use arrows that are specifically designed for your longbow. Arrows that are too long or not stiff enough can break your bow. If you are using a wooden bow, it is recommended to use wooden arrows to achieve accurate shots as modern arrows cannot follow the "archer's paradox."

Resealing

Depending on your usage and the environment you are shooting in, reseal your longbow every six months to keep moisture out. Moisture can severely weaken your bow. You can use Tung Oil, polyurethane, or hand-wipe furniture wax for resealing.

Safety Precautions

Do not let anyone else handle or draw your bow. Most bows that break are broken by someone other than the owner. Additionally, always unstring your bow after shooting and store it in a safe place, out of the reach of children and pets.

By following these care instructions, you can ensure that your wooden longbow remains in good condition and provides you with faithful service for many years.

How often to replace the bowstring

The longevity of a bowstring depends on several factors, including the type of bow, the frequency of use, the storage and maintenance of the bow, and the environment in which it is used and stored.

Frequency of Use

The more often you shoot your bow, the more frequently you will need to replace the bowstring. A bowstring on a target bow, which is used more frequently than a hunting bow, should be replaced once a year. A bowstring on a hunting bow should be replaced every two years. If you are shooting very frequently, you may need to replace your bowstring every few weeks.

Type of Bow

The type of bow you are using will also determine how often you need to replace the bowstring. Compound bows, for example, require frequent maintenance and regular replacement. Recurve bowstrings, on the other hand, can last upwards of three years under normal use, with synthetic bowstrings lasting longer than natural ones.

Storage and Maintenance

The way you store and maintain your bow will also impact the lifespan of your bowstring. To improve the lifespan of your bowstring, keep it fully waxed while in storage, protect it from dust, debris, direct sunlight, and extreme temperatures, and avoid exposing it to mildew, mold, and dank conditions.

Environment

The environment in which you use and store your bow can also affect the lifespan of your bowstring. For example, if you are shooting in an area with extreme temperatures, your bowstring may degrade faster.

In general, it is recommended that you replace your bowstring every two to three years, or sooner if it becomes frayed, worn, or damaged. A broken string can be dangerous and may result in injury or further equipment damage, so it is important to inspect your bowstring regularly and replace it when necessary.

How to store a longbow

Longbows can last for decades with proper care and maintenance. To ensure your longbow stays in good condition, it is important to store it correctly. Here are some tips on how to store your longbow:

• Keep it in a climate-controlled area: Longbow strings are sensitive to heat and cold, and the bow's body can be damaged by moisture. Store your longbow in a cool, dry place to avoid these issues.
• Use a bow rack or wall pegs: A bow rack can hold multiple bows and is a great option for storing your longbow at home. Alternatively, you can hang your longbow on wall pegs, but make sure they are spaced evenly apart to support the weight of the bow evenly and prevent warping.
• Use a bow case for travel: If you need to transport your longbow, consider investing in a bow case. Soft cases are lightweight and easy to carry, while hard cases offer more protection. Both options will keep your longbow safe and protect it from the elements.
• Unstring wooden bows: If you have a wooden longbow, it is best to unstring it when not in use to prevent deformation. Use a bow stringer to safely remove the string.
• Regular maintenance: Keep your longbow clean and dry, and polish and condition the body to protect the wood. Regularly inspect the bowstring for any signs of fraying or breakage, and wax it to keep it smooth and waterproof.
• Store arrows separately: Keep your arrows in a safe place where children and pets cannot reach them.

How to prevent mechanical damage

To prevent mechanical damage to your longbow, it is important to follow proper maintenance and storage procedures. Here are some detailed guidelines to help you achieve this:

• Avoid Inadequate Storage: Keep your longbow away from extreme temperatures, dampness, and humidity. Leaving the bow under intense tension can also be detrimental. Store it in a cool, dry place to prevent moisture-related issues.
• Regular Maintenance: Don't store your longbow for extended periods without checking on it. Regularly inspect the bow for any signs of damage, such as cracks or warping. Proper maintenance also includes lubricating and waxing the bowstring and conditioning and polishing the body.
• Protective Case: Always transport your longbow in a protective case or bag specifically designed for bows. This will provide cushioning and safeguard the bow from accidental damage during transportation.
• Relax the String: Before placing the bow in its case, ensure that the limbs are secured and the string is properly relaxed. This is crucial for maintaining the bow's integrity.
• Detach Accessories: When transporting your longbow, detach any accessories such as stabilizers or sights. This will prevent them from causing accidental damage to the bow or being damaged themselves.
• Handle with Care: Avoid placing heavy objects on the case or applying excessive pressure to the limbs. Secure the case properly during travel to prevent sliding or falling.
• Avoid Extreme Temperatures: Don't expose the bow to extreme temperatures, as this can compromise the integrity of the wood.
• Horizontal Storage: When storing your longbow for extended periods, keep it horizontally on a bow rack or in a bow case. This prevents unnecessary stress on the limbs.
• String Maintenance: Regularly check and maintain the bowstring. Look for any signs of fraying or damage, and use a bowstring wax or conditioner to protect the fibres. Also, assess the brace height and make adjustments as needed to ensure optimal performance and accuracy.
• Limb Maintenance: Inspect and maintain the limbs to ensure their structural integrity. Check for cracks or splinters, clean and lubricate the limbs, and monitor limb alignment using a bow square.
• Prevent Torque: Avoid putting torque on the bow's body during shooting. This can cause mechanical damage and affect the bow's performance.
• Spare Parts: Keep an eye on the availability and price of spare parts for your longbow. This will help you make timely repairs and maintain the bow in its prime condition.

How to maintain a synthetic longbow

Maintaining a synthetic longbow is essential to ensure its longevity and optimal performance. Here are some detailed instructions on how to maintain your synthetic longbow:

String Maintenance:

The string of your synthetic longbow requires regular care. It is recommended to change the string about once a year, depending on usage. Inspect the string for any fraying, especially at the nocking points and serving (where you place your fingers to draw the string). Waxing the string is crucial to keep it smooth and waterproof. Use beeswax or a similar product and rub it vigorously into the string until it gets hot. This process will help protect the string from dirt and moisture. Always have a spare string, and if you notice any signs of wear, replace the string immediately to avoid breakage.

Storage:

Proper storage is vital for the longevity of your synthetic longbow. Unlike wooden longbows, synthetic longbows can be left strung for up to three weeks. However, it is generally recommended to unstring the bow after each use to reduce the stress on the frame. Store your synthetic longbow in a cool, dry place, away from extreme temperatures and humidity. Avoid leaving it in direct sunlight as this can cause bleaching and brittleness. Keep it in a protective case or on a rack to ensure even "string follow" and to allow the limbs to relax.

Cleaning and Polishing:

Keep your synthetic longbow clean and dry after each use. Wipe it down with a dry cloth, especially if you have been shooting in bad weather. You can use a beeswax-based polish or furniture polish to maintain its shine and protect it from moisture. Additionally, ensure that your bow is free from dirt and grit, as these can cause damage over time.

Brace Height and Nocking Points:

It is crucial to set the correct brace height and nocking points for optimal shooting. The brace height is the distance between the furthest part of the bow you hold and the bowstring. Use a T-Square to measure and adjust this distance if needed. Nocking points are the marks on the string where you place your arrows. You can use brass or metal roundels and special pliers to set these points accurately.

Safety Precautions:

Always practice safe handling of your synthetic longbow. Do not let anyone else draw your bow, as it has been taught to shoot according to your unique style. Drawing the bow too quickly or by someone else can cause it to break. Additionally, avoid bending the bow in the wrong direction, as this can also lead to damage or breakage.

Frequently asked questions