Steering Replacement Guide For 15-Foot Boats

Replacing the steering on a boat is a complex task that requires careful attention to detail. While it can be challenging, it is a rewarding process that will enhance the look and performance of your vessel. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the steps involved in replacing the steering on a 15-foot boat, covering everything from removing the old steering wheel to installing a new one, including important safety considerations. By following these instructions and tips, you will be able to ensure safe and effective navigation for you and your passengers.

Understanding your boat's steering system

Mechanical Steering Systems

The most common type of steering system is the mechanical system, which consists of a helm (steering wheel), a steering cable, and a steering mechanism. The helm connects to the steering cable, which runs from the helm to the steering mechanism near the engine or rudder. When you turn the helm, it rotates the steering cable, which then turns the steering mechanism and moves the rudder, allowing you to steer your boat.

Hydraulic Steering Systems

Hydraulic steering systems provide smooth and precise control. They consist of a helm pump, hydraulic lines, and a steering cylinder. The helm pump generates hydraulic pressure, which is transmitted through the hydraulic lines to the steering cylinder. This pressure causes the cylinder to move and turn the boat's rudder or outboard motor. Hydraulic steering systems are generally more responsive and durable, requiring less maintenance due to fewer moving parts. However, they can be more expensive and complex, making installation and repairs potentially more challenging.

Electric Power Steering Systems

Electric power steering systems are another option, primarily for small boats and personal watercraft. These systems use an electric motor to turn the steering mechanism and are known for being compact, lightweight, and quieter than hydraulic systems. They also require less maintenance.

Maintenance and Replacement

To ensure your boat's steering system functions effectively, regular maintenance is essential. This includes inspecting the steering cable for wear and tear, lubricating the cable and other moving parts, and checking the steering system's alignment. Even with proper maintenance, steering cables will eventually need replacement, typically every 5-7 years. Signs that your steering cable needs attention include increased steering effort, stiff or jerky steering, excessive play in the steering wheel, and unusual noises.

Safety Measures

In addition to maintenance, it's crucial to follow proper safety procedures when operating your boat's steering system. This includes keeping both hands on the wheel, using smooth and gradual movements, monitoring your surroundings, and adjusting speed according to conditions. In case of emergencies, such as steering system failure, understanding alternative steering methods, such as manual steering mode, using an emergency tiller, or differential throttle control, can help maintain control of your vessel.

Signs of a worn steering cable

The steering system is one of the most important components of a boat. It allows you to navigate your vessel safely, ensuring you stay on course and avoid hazards. Over time, the steering cable can become worn and damaged, leading to reduced steering effectiveness and safety risks. Here are some detailed signs of a worn steering cable:

Increased Steering Effort

If you find yourself exerting more effort than usual to turn the helm, it could indicate a worn steering cable. This may be due to low power steering fluid, a faulty power steering pump, or a worn serpentine belt.

Stiff or Jerky Steering

Stiff, jerky, or unresponsive steering is a sign of a damaged or corroded steering cable. This issue can be caused by a lack of lubrication, causing the cable to become dry and stiff.

Excessive Steering Wheel Play

If your steering wheel has excessive play or movement, it could mean the steering cable is stretched or worn. Worn tie rods or a faulty steering rack can cause this issue, requiring immediate attention.

Noisy Steering

Unusual noises, such as grinding, clicking, or clunking when turning the helm, indicate a worn or damaged steering cable. These noises could be caused by raw contact between metal components due to a lack of lubrication.

Steering Wheel Vibration

While this could be due to wheel alignment, steering wheel vibration can also indicate a problem with the power steering. A build-up of contaminants or a faulty power steering pump may be the cause.

Slipping Steering Wheel

If your steering wheel slips when you turn it, it's a sign that the power steering is failing. This could be due to leakage, faulty pumps, or worn steering rack mounts.

It is important to address these issues promptly to prevent the steering cable from failing completely and ensure safe and effective navigation of your boat. Regular maintenance and inspections of the steering cable are crucial to identify and rectify these problems early on.

Removing the old steering cable

The first step in replacing the steering cable on your 15-foot boat is to remove the old cable. This process is relatively straightforward and can be accomplished with a few tools and some careful manoeuvring. Here is a detailed guide to help you through the process:

Disconnect the Cable

Begin by locating the steering cable at the steering helm, which is usually found on the bridge or cockpit of the boat. Use a wrench to loosen the bolts securing the cable to the helm and engine. This will disconnect the cable, allowing you to remove it. Make sure you have the proper wrench size to avoid stripping the bolts.

Tie a Pull Rope

Before removing the cable, it is important to prepare for the installation of the new cable. Tie a pull rope to the helm end of the cable. This rope will be used to pull the new cable through the boat, so make sure it is securely fastened and long enough to reach from the helm to the engine.

Remove the Cable

Now, carefully pull the cable through the boat from the engine end. This step requires some caution, as you want to avoid damaging any surrounding components. Pull the cable slowly and gently to prevent any harm to the wiring harness or control box. Take your time and ensure that the cable comes out smoothly.

Locate the Part Number

Once the old cable is removed, you will need to find the part number to ensure you purchase the correct replacement. Most manufacturers print the cable part number on the jacket of the cable. This number will help you identify the specific type and length of the cable. Write this number down so you can reference it when ordering the new cable.

Measure the Cable

In case you are unable to locate the part number, you will need to measure the cable to determine its length. Measure the cable casing from end to end, adding an additional 18 to 24 inches, depending on the type of cable, and rounding up to the nearest foot. This measurement will be crucial for ordering the correct replacement.

Order the Replacement Cable

With the part number or the measured length, you can now order the new steering cable. It is important to wait for the new cable to arrive before proceeding with the installation. This will ensure you have the correct part and prevent any delays in getting your boat back in the water.

Remember to exercise caution and patience throughout the process of removing the old steering cable. Taking your time and following these steps will help ensure a successful replacement of your boat's steering cable.

Measuring and ordering a new cable

To measure a rotary steering cable, you should lay the cable out completely straight and measure the cable jacket only in inches. Then, add another 18 inches to that length and round up to the next foot.

If you have a Teleflex cable, the part number will be on the plastic jacket, and the last two digits will indicate the length of the cable in feet. If it's a Morse cable, the length will be indicated by the last three digits in inches.

If you cannot find the part number, you will need to measure the cable yourself. If you are measuring a rack and pinion steering cable, measure only the cable jacket in inches, then add 30 inches and round up to the nearest foot.

For JBS jet boat cables, measure the entire cable from tip to tip, rounding up to the nearest foot.

Once you have your measurement or part number, you can order your new cable.

Installing the new cable

Now for the last part: installing the new cable. This is a straightforward process as long as you kept the rope in place that you used to pull the old cable out.

Start by locating the rope you used to pull the old cable out. Then, starting at the engine end, tie the helm end of your new cable to the rope and gently pull it from the helm side of the boat until you have the cable all the way through.

Now that the cable is in place, bolt it to the helm and to the engine, making sure that you have tight connections. When installing the cable, be sure not to make tight angles or kink the cable as doing so can cause damage.

You will also need to attach the telescoping ram to the engine. The tube should be completely clean. Next, use marine grease to grease the outside of the tube and inner telescoping ram.

Finally, test your steering wheel, looking for tightness or excessive play before you take your boat back out on the water. As always, consult your owner's manual before doing repairs. If you have any questions or are unsure of these instructions, please find a factory-certified marine shop to help you. Spending a few extra bucks upfront and allowing the experts to help may keep your family safe out on the water.

Frequently asked questions