Finishing Touches For Longbow Crafting

There are many ways to finish a longbow, and the best method for you will depend on the type of wood your bow is made from, as well as your personal preferences. Some common options for finishing a longbow include tung oil, linseed oil, teak oil, shellac, spar varnish, epoxy finish, and beeswax. You can also use a combination of these, such as applying oil and then a wax chaser. If you want to add some gloss to your bow, you can use a product like Lord Sheraton's Furniture Balm.

Linseed oil

There are some conflicting opinions on the use of linseed oil for longbows. Some archers claim that it will reduce the poundage of the bow and make it impossible to glue horn nocks onto the bow. It is also believed to make it more difficult to pike the bow if needed. However, others argue that linseed oil is perfectly fine to use and that claims of its detrimental effects are exaggerated. They suggest that it is important to apply multiple thin coats, waiting a long time between applications. One archer recommends applying a coat every day for several weeks and then repeating this process once a day for a week.

If you are hesitant to use linseed oil, Danish oil is a popular alternative for longbows. Danish oil can contain linseed oil, but it also typically includes a hardening agent, which linseed oil alone lacks. Danish oil is stickier and tackier than linseed oil, and it can be difficult to buff out if there is dust or lint in the air during application. However, it provides a durable finish and a nice-looking coat. It is recommended to apply Danish oil with a thin artist's paintbrush and then wipe off the excess with a cloth.

Ultimately, the choice between linseed oil and Danish oil depends on personal preference and the specific characteristics of your bow. Both options will provide protection and a nice finish to your longbow when applied correctly.

Varnish

When it comes to finishing a longbow, there are a few options to consider. Some people opt for a natural look, using ingredients like eye-of-newt and dragon's blood. However, if you're looking for a protective finish that will stand up to the elements, you might want to consider a varnish.

• Clear Gloss Varnish: This type of varnish will give your longbow a shiny, glossy finish while also protecting it from the elements. It is designed to keep water out and is often water-based, making it easy to apply and safe to ship. Clear gloss varnish is a good choice if you want to showcase the natural beauty of the wood while still providing protection.
• Arrow Finish Gloss Varnish: This type of varnish is specifically designed for arrows but can also be used on longbows. It often comes in a convenient spray form, making it easy to apply. Arrow finish gloss varnish will protect your longbow from moisture and give it a sleek, glossy look.
• Flexible Varnish: If you're concerned about the flexibility of your longbow, you can opt for a flexible varnish like classic spar varnish. This type of varnish is designed to bend and move with the wood, making it ideal for longbows that need to be flexible. However, it may be overkill for a longbow, as it is typically used for spars and masts.
• Indoor Clear Varnish: If you plan on using your longbow primarily indoors, you might consider an indoor clear varnish. This type of varnish will protect your longbow from moisture and give it a glossy finish, but it may not be as durable as other types of varnish for outdoor use.

When applying varnish to your longbow, it's important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Make sure the area is well-ventilated and consider using a natural bristle paintbrush for even application. Allow the varnish to dry completely between coats, and lightly sand the surface with fine-grit sandpaper for a smooth finish. You can also use a Shellac Sanding Sealer before applying the varnish to enhance the finish.

Keep in mind that while varnish can provide protection and a beautiful finish, it may not be suitable for all longbows. Some people prefer to use natural finishes like linseed oil or wax, as these allow the wood to breathe and are easier to reapply. Additionally, if you're planning on using your longbow in extremely wet or harsh conditions, you might want to consider a more heavy-duty finish like a spray polyurethane bow finish.

Beeswax

To create a beeswax finish, you can melt down natural beeswax blocks or chips and mix them with an oil of your choice. Jojoba oil is a popular option as it has a long shelf life, but other options include linseed oil, tung oil, or Danish oil. The mixture should be around a 1:3 ratio of wax to oil. This mixture can then be applied to the longbow, providing a protective barrier that safeguards the wood from moisture, dirt, and debris.

When applying beeswax to either the bow or the string, it is important to ensure even coverage. This will help to protect the wood and string from the wear and tear of use and the elements.

Tung oil

To finish a longbow with tung oil, you will need to apply multiple coats over a few days. Ten coats are recommended for a nice finish, and the oil can be reapplied to repair any damage. The oil should be applied with a lint-free cotton cloth or paper towel, and then wiped clean with a second cloth or towel. It is important to start with cheaper oils first if using multiple types, and to finish with the most expensive oil.

Some people prefer to use a combination of oils and animal grease, such as deer grease, bear grease, or bacon grease. However, the type of oil used is not as important as ensuring the bow is protected from water damage. Oiling the bow is crucial if it has been used or stored in a damp environment, and it is recommended to oil a wooden bow every 4-6 months to prevent it from drying out.

Before oiling, the bow may need to be cleaned, especially if it is covered in guck and stains. Rubbing alcohol or fine-grit sandpaper can be used for this purpose, but sandpaper should be avoided unless the bow is in very poor condition.

Shellac

Preparing the Shellac Mixture

Applying the Shellac Finish

Before starting the project, it is recommended to test the shellac mixture on a scrap piece of wood to ensure the desired consistency. Shellac can be applied with a cotton cloth rag, a brush, or a combination of both. For large surface areas, a cloth is recommended, while a brush is more suitable for tight edges and corners. It is important to work quickly as shellac dries fast, and drips or blotches may occur.

Multiple thin layers of shellac are usually required to achieve an ideal finish. Sanding with fine-grit sandpaper or superfine steel wool between coats helps create a smooth, even surface. At least three to four layers are typically needed for a fully protective coat. The final coat can be left unbuffed for a glossy look or buffed with superfine steel wool for a satin finish.

Repair and Maintenance

Frequently asked questions