Good Friday is a Christian holy day that commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum. It is also known as Black Friday, Holy Friday, Great Friday, and Great and Holy Friday. The date of Good Friday varies from year to year in both the Gregorian and Julian calendars. It is a widely instituted legal holiday around the world, including in most Western countries and 12 U.S. states. Christians observe Good Friday in different ways, but common practices include fasting, prayer, church services, and Good Friday processions.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Date | Friday before Easter |
Other Names | Holy Friday, Great Friday, Black Friday, Good Friday of the Passion of the Lord, Great and Holy Friday, Holy and Great Friday |
Observance | Christians |
Observance Denominations | Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Lutheran, Anglican, Methodist, Oriental Orthodox, United Protestant, Reformed traditions |
Observance Activities | Fasting, church services, cleaning gravestones, Stations of the Cross, Good Friday processions, prayer, reading the Bible, singing hymns, attending a play |
Purpose | Commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary |
Biblical References | Isaiah 53:5, John 18:12-14, John 18:20-21, John 18:38-40, Matthew 27:32-44, Luke 23:33-34, Luke 23:44-46, Matthew 27:45-56, 1 Peter 2:24, Isaiah 53:3-5, John 3:16-17, Romans 5:6-10 |
Symbolism | Convergence of great suffering and God's forgiveness |
What You'll Learn
Good Friday is a Christian holy day
Good Friday is a day of mourning and reflection for Christians, who often attend special church services and prayer vigils. It is a day to remember the great sacrifice that Jesus made for all of humanity, and the power of God's love and the promise of eternal life.
The date of Good Friday varies from year to year in both the Gregorian and Julian calendars. It always falls on the Friday before Easter Sunday, which is calculated differently in Eastern and Western Christianity. In Western Christianity, Easter falls on the first Sunday following the Paschal Full Moon, which is the full moon on or after March 21. In Eastern Christianity, Easter can fall anytime between March 22 and April 25 on the Julian Calendar, which corresponds to April 4 and May 8 on the Gregorian Calendar.
Good Friday is a day of fasting for many Christians, and some will also refrain from eating meat. It is also common for Christians to attend church services, pray, and sing hymns or songs to the Lord. Some churches make specific observations between 12 noon and 3 pm, the hours in which Christ was on the cross.
Good Friday is a solemn reminder of the crucifixion and death of Jesus, and Christians take time to contemplate the significance of his sacrifice. Through his resurrection, Jesus conquered death and opened the way for eternal life for all who believe in him.
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It commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus
Good Friday is a Christian holiday that commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The crucifixion of Jesus is described in the four canonical gospels of the New Testament and is considered one of the most likely events to have occurred during his life.
According to the gospels, Jesus was arrested, tried, and sentenced to be scourged and crucified by the Romans. Jesus was stripped of his clothing and offered vinegar mixed with gall to drink. He was then hung on a cross between two convicted thieves at a place called Golgotha or Calvary, which translates to "place of the skull". Above his head was a sign that read "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" in three languages: Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. Jesus died on the cross after six hours, and his body was removed and buried in a rock-hewn tomb by Joseph of Arimathea, a member of the Sanhedrin and a secret follower of Jesus.
The crucifixion of Jesus is a central aspect of Christian theology, representing his suffering and redemptive death for the salvation and atonement of humanity. Christians believe that through Jesus's death and resurrection, people are reunited with God and receive new joy, power, and eternal life. The crucifixion is also foretold in the Old Testament, such as in Psalm 22 and Isaiah 53.
Good Friday is observed as a solemn day of mourning and reflection by Christians, who often attend special church services and prayer vigils. It is part of Holy Week, which includes Palm Sunday, Maundy Thursday or Holy Thursday, and Good Friday, leading up to Easter Sunday.
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It is a day of fasting and prayer
Good Friday is a Christian holy day observing the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is a day of fasting and prayer for many Christians, who often attend special church services and prayer vigils.
Fasting
Fasting is a way to devote time to prayer, removing distractions and opening an opportunity to hear the heart of the Father. Many Christians observe Good Friday as a day of fasting to focus on the suffering and sacrifice of the Lord and to refocus their attention on the Father.
For Catholics, Good Friday is an obligatory day of fasting and abstinence. This means that Catholics are permitted to eat one full meal and two smaller meals that do not together equal a full meal. The Good Friday fast is ideally continued until the Easter Vigil on Holy Saturday night to honour the suffering and death of Jesus and to prepare to celebrate his resurrection.
Prayer
Good Friday is a day of mourning and reflection for Christians. Many Christians pray to contemplate the significance of Jesus' sacrifice and his death. Prayer is a powerful force for good and can bring comfort, hope, and healing.
Some prayers that Christians may say during their fast include:
- "God, You are my God, and I seek You earnestly (Psalm 63:1). I seek You as I undertake this fast. I bow before You and ask You to purge me of all unworthy thoughts, words and deeds. Forgive my sins as I forgive those who have sinned against me. Keep me strong and alert during my fast. Protect me from the Evil One, deliver me from temptation and steer my mind and heart away from all distractions. Help me to bring my spirit, soul, body and mind into subjection and focus them on You, to Whom all praise belongs, amen."
- "Lord, the great and awesome God, Who keeps Your covenant of love with those who love You and keep Your commandments (Daniel 9:4), I give myself to You. I love You more than these things from which I fast. I seek You more than my own comfort and pleasure. Meet me here. Amen."
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It is also known as Black Friday
Good Friday is also known as Black Friday, but this should not be confused with the post-Thanksgiving Black Friday, which is the biggest shopping day of the year. Good Friday is a Christian holy day that commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum.
Good Friday is a widely instituted legal holiday around the world, including in most Western countries and 12 U.S. states. Some predominantly Christian countries, such as Germany, have laws prohibiting certain acts—such as public dancing and horse racing—in remembrance of the sombre nature of Good Friday.
Good Friday is a day of mourning and reflection for Christians, who often attend special church services and prayer vigils. Many Christians refer to the belief that Jesus died on the cross to save humanity from its sins and restore people's relationship with God as the Atonement.
The day is also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, Great and Holy Friday, and Good Friday of the Passion of the Lord. The origin of the term "Good Friday" is debated, but it may have developed from an older name, "God's Friday." The name is appropriate because the suffering and death of Jesus marked the dramatic culmination of God's plan to save his people from their sins.
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It is a public holiday in many countries
Good Friday is a public holiday in many countries, including the following:
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- British Virgin Islands
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- Australia
- Canada
- Cuba
- Hong Kong
- Malaysia
- Malta
- New Zealand
- Philippines
- Singapore
- United Kingdom
- United States
In the United States, Good Friday is a state holiday in Connecticut, Texas, Delaware, Hawaii, Indiana, Tennessee, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina and North Dakota.
In predominantly Christian countries such as Germany, certain acts like public dancing and horse racing are prohibited to commemorate the solemn nature of the day.
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Frequently asked questions
Good Friday is a Christian holy day that commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus and his death at Calvary. It is observed during Holy Week as part of the Paschal Triduum.
The origin of the term "Good" is debated. Some believe it developed from an older name, "God's Friday". The name Good Friday is appropriate because the suffering and death of Jesus marked the dramatic culmination of God's plan to save his people from their sins.
Good Friday is always the Friday before Easter. In 2024, Good Friday will be on Friday, March 29.